eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 0973-1245 2019-11-28 3 1(a) 34552 article This study was conducted to evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency virus infections among individuals aged 15 years and above attending outpatient clinic in three hospitals in Abeokuta metropolis in Southwestern Nigeria. Of 150 sputum and blood samples examined, the overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections was 14.0% and 14.7% respectively. There was no significant difference between sex and M. tuberculosis (P = 0.706) and HIV (P = 0.558). Also there was no significance difference between age group and M. tuberculosis (P = 0.994) and HIV (P = 0.140). However, M. tuberculosis and HIV infections were significantly high among the patients with anaemia (P < 0.0001). Of the M. tuberculosis and HIV infection patients, all had significantly elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (> 51 mm/hr) (P < 0.0001). https://www.biotech-asia.org/vol3no1a/prevalence-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-and-human-immunodeficiency-virus-infections-in-abeokuta-ogun-state-nigeria/ Mycobacterium tuberculosis; HIV;  Abeokuta; Nigeria.